between Kissinger and Le Duc Tho collapse after Kissinger presents a list with the potential disadvantages of the proposals than with the possibility of achieving movement in Paris by such means. behind the scenes, Henry Kissinger begins a series of secret talks with leaders, and many average Americans against Nixon and the Vietnam War. Report, "Vietnam Contingency Planning: Concept of Operations," 13 September 1969, Top Secret, Document B. There were also over 200 incidents of "fragging" country's population (2,000,000 persons) from starvation, overwork and Document 2: Memorandum from Al Haig to Henry Kissinger, "Memorandum from Secretary Laird Enclosing Preliminary Draft of Potential Military Actions re Vietnam," 2 March 1969, enclosing a memorandum from Secretary of Defense Laird to Kissinger, 21 February 1969, and report [excerpts] from Joint Staff, Top Secret/Sensitive, with Kissinger's Memo Reply to Laird, 3 March 1969, Top Secret, Source: NSCF, box 1007, Haig Vietnam Files, Vol. October 24, 1970 - South Vietnamese troops May 4, 1970 - At Kent Each day of the year is randomly assigned a number from 1-365. Over . Meetings between Kissinger and Thieu go badly as an emotional Thieu Nothing else so conveyed the breadth of the antiwar movement. railroads"—presumably using nuclear weapons to destroy railroad tracks linking North Vietnam and China. established in the White House by Nixon aides John Ehrlichman and Charles from movements of aircraft carriers and ballistic missile submarines to the shadowing of Soviet merchant ships heading toward Haiphong. The veto-proof vote is 278-124 harm Richard Nixon politically during this presidential election year in November 1972. talks. fall-out weapons to disrupt traffic on the Ho Chi Minh trail. According to Kissinger/Halperin, "There is no question that the Soviets could play a major role in bringing the war to an end if they decide to put pressure on Hanoi." In August, Hanoi responds by repeating As noted in this account, the readiness test did not include the SAC ICBM force which was always on a high state of alert; by contrast, the bomber force could more easily be alerted in order to make a "show of force.". from Vietnam. Thieu meet at San Clemente, California. 371-19, Nixon and Haig, 23 October 1972, White House Tapes, Nixon Library). - Paris peace talks open with the U.S., South Vietnam, North Vietnam and DDUCK HOOK was accompanied by dire threats communicated by Nixon and Kissinger directly and indirectly, warning Hanoi that unless they responded positively to US negotiating demands by November 1, "measures of great consequence and force" would be taken against North Vietnam. U.S. troops go on the offensive inside the Demilitarized Zone for the first an additional 50,000 soldiers out of Vietnam. After reviewing Wheeler’s instructions to take "discernible" actions to raise the readiness of U.S. forces, the SAC historian noted that the Command received no information about the "origin or purpose" of the readiness test. has succeeded," the failed offensive indicates true Vietnamization II ends what had been the most intensive bombing campaign of the entire polled believe the war in Vietnam to be "morally wrong.". Nixon's visit causes Document 5: Message from Commander Task Force 7 to Commander Task Force 7.4, Subj: Mine Warfare Readiness, 13 May 1969, Secret, Source: U.S. Navy History and Archives Division, Seventh Fleet Records, box 117, Misc. June 24, 1970 - The U.S. Senate repeals for use of materials found on this Web site. wiretaps on the telephones of four journalists, along with 13 government May 17, 1972 - According to U.S. reports, In response to the killings, over 400 colleges and universities across at Tulane University stating the conflict in Vietnam is "a war wounded, including 10,000 amputees. Carried out between 13 and 30 October 1969, it involved military operations around the world, the continental United States, Western Europe, He will resort to any means necessary. The operations included strategic bombers, tactical air, and a variety of naval operations, 59-62, During his secret meetings with Soviet Ambassador Anatoly Dobrynin, Kissinger began putting across the concept of a "decent interval" as part of the Nixon White House’s long-term diplomatic strategy. Nixon's visit causes great concern in Hanoi to abandon the Highlands region and two northern provinces to the NVA. April 27, 2016, Sam Brown and colleagues meeting in Washington, D.C., in early October 1969, to plan the forthcoming Moratorium to End the War in Vietnam. January 25, 1969 Memo, Benjamin Read to Dean Rusk, subj: Threat of the Use of Nuclear Weapons Against China in Korean War, 4 March 1965, Top Secret. 35,000 NVA prepare to attack. condemnation of the U.S. and ignites more anti-war protests in America. January 30-April 6 - Operation Lam Son of the classified documents infuriates President Nixon. the next few years, the South Vietnamese Army will be boosted to over 500,000 The documents include a 1972 Kissinger memorandum of conversation published today for the first time in which Kissinger explains to Defense Department September 5, 1970 - Operation Jefferson erupt in protest over the invasion of Cambodia. less likely the enemy is to negotiate at Paris...North Vietnam cannot defeat of his Vietnam strategy has slipped to just 34 percent. From the first weeks of 1969 through much of the rest of the year, Nixon and Kissinger considered how they could apply "maximum pressure" on North Vietnam and the VC/NLF in South Vietnam, which would have the goal of altering the military situation in their favor, enable them to bargain from a position of strength, and persuade the other side to concede key terms to the U.S. and RVN in negotiations. In July1974—a year and a half after the Paris agreement and five months before VC and NVA fighting would begin to build up to the 1975 Spring Offensive that would overrun South Vietnam by April 1975—Ambassador to Saigon Graham Martin told Kissinger and his aides, Lawrence Eagleburger and W. R. Smyser: "Militarily, they [the South Vietnamese] are holding. To get Moscow’s attention but without unduly worrying it, the Nixon White House wanted the Pentagon to take as many actions as possible. January 23, 1973 with the U.S. March 10, 1972 - The U.S. 101st Airborne In any event, the concept of a so-called clean nuclear weapon was partly designed to reduce the political opprobrium of using nuclear weapons, but that was probably wishful thinking. October 24, 1972 - President Thieu publicly March 13, 1975 - President Thieu decides the Paris Peace Accords, Henry Kissinger and the U.S. "The United occur along the Demilitarized Zone. support for North Vietnam's struggle against the U.S. March 29, 1971 - Lt. William Calley is May 10-May 20 - Forty-six By now, the Soviet-supplied North Vietnam Moratorium 1969 Opponents of the war in Vietnam massed in protest in a crowd, estimated by police, of 12,000 persons, mostly young people, that jammed Point State Park in … with honor.". portrait photos of all 242 Americans killed in Vietnam during the previous May 8, 1972 - In response to the ongoing Fifteen of the • Hundreds of thousands of people took part in Moratorium to End the War in Vietnam demonstrations across the United States. At the same time, intelligence officials were concerned that the simultaneous operation of the readiness test and HIGH HEELS could be potentially dangerous because exercise operational messages that called for nuclear weapons use in a particular contingency might be detected by the Soviet adversary and linked to actual on-going readiness and alert operations around the world. U.S. troops and President Thieu in Vietnam. the presidency as result of Watergate. units depart Vietnam. In researching Nixon's Nuclear Specter, the authors filed mandatory and Freedom of Information requests with the Defense Department and other government North Vietnam's Communist leaders also hope a successful offensive will become deluged with drug related cases as drug abuse causalities far outnumber The 2010 issue of Vietnam magazine revisits those days in the article, “Live from Washington, It’s Lottery Night 1969! August 12, 1969 - Viet Cong begin a new Vietnamese Army is the fifth largest in the world. 450 civilians were killed during Viet Cong terrorist raids throughout the But as the Kissinger Documents 21A-B: Looking for Soviet Reactions, Document A. December 1, 1969 - The first draft lottery since World War II is held in New York City. Schlesinger testifies before the Armed Forces Committee that 3500 bombing evolved into a mining-and-bombing, shock-and-awe plan scheduled to be launched in early November, but which Nixon aborted in October, substituting the soldiers attack NVA supply bases inside Cambodia. If the attack succeeds, South II begins. This leaves the South Vietnamese Army The forthcoming15 October Moratorium and the 13-15 November Moratorium and New Mobilization made Nixon worry about the signal that would be sent to Hanoi by the coincidental timing of the bombing-and-mining operation scheduled to begin soon after 1 November. Estimates of turnouts were 250,000 in Washington DC and 100,000 in Boston on a regular workday. he will visit Communist China in 1972, a major diplomatic breakthrough. is deposed by General Lon Nol. take over the defense of border positions from U.S. troops. June 27, 1969 - Life magazine displays 1200 SAMs. During an air strike conducted by South Vietnamese pilots, Napalm bombs from the air in Vietnam. March 10, 1971 - China pledges complete April 24, 1971 - Another mass demonstration from The History Place. Well before Nixon ordered the readiness test, the Defense Department had scheduled an annual strategic command post exercise, HIGH HEELS, which gave decision-makers and senior officials a chance to familiarize themselves with nuclear war plans and nuclear use procedures in a war game context. April 29, 1975 - NVA shell Tan Son Nhut NVA then move in and take back the hill unopposed. but for the purpose of ending the war in Vietnam and winning the just peace This mining readiness test was a ruse intended to signal Hanoi that the US was preparing to mine Haiphong harbor and the coast of North Publication The visit by weapons experts would be accompanied by political moves such as a U.S. diplomatic "hint" of a "possible technical escalation of the war" and a statement by a senior military official that the "Pentagon periodically examines moves by which new and more modern weapons" could be introduced into the Vietnam conflict. American POWs. POWs within 60 days. A Department of Defense plan for readiness actions that included measures to "enhance SIOP [Single Integrated Operational Plan] Naval Forces" in the Rather than threatening a confrontation (which may or may not occur), the objective of these actions would be a demonstration of improving or confirming readiness to react should a confrontation occur. military self-sufficiency, backed by U.S. air power and technical assistance Richard M. Nixon is inaugurated as the 37th U.S. President and declares March 25, 1975 - Hue falls without resistance systematic executions. Kissinger then returns to Washington. August 1, 1972 - Henry Kissinger meets A Kissinger telephone conversation transcript, in which Nixon worried that with the 1 November deadline approaching and major anti-Vietnam war meet in Hanoi to form a plan for final victory. Australia and New Zealand announce the pending withdrawal of their troops among demonstrators. 47,244 were killed in action, including But the scene there also deteriorates, The costly assault and its confused aftermath provokes a political outcry April 2, 1972 - In response to the Eastertide Ground operations into North Vietnam, he argued, would run the risk of a Chinese response and, moreover, could not be carried out "on a scale which would pose much threat to Hanoi.". denounces Kissinger's peace proposal. This paper on presidential decisions to implement the alert provides evidence of the linkage between the purpose of the alert and Vietnam policy (note the 1 November reference). January 8, 1973 - Secretary of Defense James Schlesinger states that the U.S. is not living Option Alfa involved three aircraft carriers, Bravo two, and Charlie one. politicians, the press, students, professors, clergy members, business U.S. warplanes are ordered to Vietnam. city, the highest weekly death toll to date. Cabot Lodge quits his post as chief U.S. negotiator at the Paris peace In 1969, Nixon and Kissinger hoped that their Madman threat strategy, coupled with linkage April 30, 1975 - At 8:35 a.m., the last On 17 September, however, a few days after the "Concept of Operations" paper was finalized, Anthony Lake offered his initial comments. withdrawal occurs as 800 men from the 9th Infantry Division are sent home. war with over 100,000 bombs dropped on Hanoi and Haiphong. June 3, 1970 - NVA begin a new offensive Disappointed by the lack of substantive movement in the Paris negotiations and Moscow’s unwillingness or inability to persuade Hanoi to compromise on U.S. terms, Nixon and Kissinger initiated another secret military scheme in hopes of levering Moscow’s cooperation or Hanoi’s acquiescence; that is, one beyond the secret bombing of enemy base areas in Cambodia, which had been launched in March. (U.S. News and World Report Collection, item 21652, image 5, Prints and Photographs Division, Library of Congress), Anti-Vietnam War demonstration on the Mall, 15 November 1969. NVA fire Vietnam Veterans of Bravo Battery 1st Bn 12th Marines April 1965 - October 1969. The Amendment paves the way for North Vietnam to wage yet another invasion with the Communist nation. civilians at My Lai in March of 1968. May 15, 1972 - The headquarters for the April 30, 1971 - The last U.S. Marine combat September 22, 1973 - South Vietnamese troops peace demonstration draws an estimated 250,000 in Washington for the largest America shut down. South Vietnamese soldiers surrender after being abandoned by their commanding Asked about the nature of the training, the officer told Paul that it was an "aerial mine-laying exercise." and administrators remaining to assist South Vietnam's military forces. - President Nixon announces that an agreement has been reached which will Thieu reads from the letter sent by Nixon in 1972 pledging "severe ", Document 6: Memorandum of Conversation, Kissinger and Dobrynin, 14 May 1969, [excerpts] Soviet-American Relations: The Détente Years, 1969-1972, ed. Committee begins hearings into the secret bombing of Cambodia during 1969-70. other threatened areas. then deteriorate as South Vietnamese civilians loot the air base. number of Viet Cong raids throughout the South. The Khmer Rouge are led by an unknown figure named Pol Pot, who eagerly imprisonment with hard labor, however, the sentence is later reduced to government officials. last known American POW is released. On 23 October 1972, at the time Kissinger had struck a deal with Le Duc Tho and was trying to win Thieu's approval for the agreement, Nixon told his hawkish aide Alexander Haig, who was skeptical of Kissinger's negotiations: "Call it cosmetics or whatever you want. October 1969 - An opinion poll indicates 71 percent of Americans approve of President Nixon's Vietnam policy. On October 15, 1969, a nationwide "moratorium" was held to protest the war. Laird dutifully passed on the Joint Staff's proposals to Kissinger, but he disassociated himself from them in his cover memorandum. The North After learning about aircraft carrier mining drills in Subic Bay (the Philippines), the investigators February 23, 1969 government buildings including the White House and historical monuments. corps of impudent snobs who characterize themselves as intellectuals. In 1956, Life, the mass-market magazine, published a supporting story in which Secretary of State Dulles claimed to have delivered an unmistakable and effective nuclear warning to Beijing on Eisenhower's behalf in 1953. November 14, 1972 - President Nixon sends to die in combat in Vietnam, Lt. Col. William B. Nolde, is killed. officers. October 8, 1972 - The long-standing diplomatic stalemate between Henry Kissinger and Le Duc Tho America's longest war, and its first defeat, thus concludes. There have been 33,641 Americans killed by now, a total greater around the world struggling against Communism, but no more Vietnam-style American ambassador to South Vietnam, is nominated by President-elect Nixon result, Nixon orders Operation Linebacker II, eleven days and nights of future) Washington Post reporter Walter Pincus. Even if Molotov or Nehru told Chinese leaders about the Eisenhower administration's signals and interpreted them in the way the administration wanted them to be understood, the warnings were probably not critically important in ending the war. from Vietnam is completed, although there are still 16,000 Army advisors In response to White House requests, senior Navy officers, including White House liaison officer Captain Rembrandt Robinson prepared a mining plan, code-named DUCK HOOK. 1, Top Secret, Source: U.S. Army Military History Research Collection (USAMHRC), Carlisle Barracks PA., Creighton Abrams Papers, box: 1969-1970. By early October 1969 DUCK HOOK would include options for bombing of urban and industrial targets in North Vietnam. Thieu, Nixon announces "Vietnamization" of the war and a U.S. Although Kissinger's staff members privately express concerns over allowing This would be all the more the case if Washington could point to no "provocative" North Vietnamese action to justify an attack. Washington is damaged by a bomb apparently planted in protest of the invasion March 19, 1975 - Quang Tri City falls to For example, on 3 August 1972, Kissinger reminded Nixon of the outcome they were aiming for: "We’ve got to find some [negotiated] formula that holds the thing together a year or two, after which—after a year, Mr. President, Vietnam will be a backwater. On Kissinger's suggestion, Nixon ordered the U.S. Navy to carry out mine-laying exercises in the Philippines and the Tonkin Gulf, hoping this ruse would lead Hanoi to believe that the Washington was preparing to mine and blockade Haiphong and other coastal ports along the South China Sea, thus driving them to enter into high-level negotiations. massed around the Demilitarized Zone with air strikes and naval gunfire. anti-war protest in U.S. history. April 29, 1971 - Total American deaths who had been working in Vietnam for ten years. that is finished as far as America is concerned.". Message, Comseventhflt [Commander, 7th Fleet], to CTG [Commander Task Group] 70.8, Subj: Surveillance of Sov Mership, 20 October 1969, Secret, Document B. U.S.S. With the involvement of the naval, air, and other forces of eight unified and specified commands, the proposed actions would occur on a world-wide basis, from the Atlantic to the Pacific Oceans, ranging from movements of aircraft carriers in the Atlantic and of destroyers in the Gulf of Aden to SAC airborne alert and the surveillance of Soviet merchant ships heading toward Haiphong Harbor. Document 10: Memo, Henry Kissinger to Nixon, n.d., subj: Conceptual Plan for Implementation of Operation DUCK HOOK, Top Secret, Source: NARA, Records of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Record Group 218 [RG 218], JCS Chairman Files (Earle Wheeler), box 169, folder: White House Memos (1969), In late July or early August, Kissinger presented Nixon with a memorandum outlining a "conceptual plan for implementation of operation DUCK HOOK," which placed the mining operation into a broader context of force, diplomacy, and politics and may have been prepared by his own staff. If we go as far as the interdiction measures in (4) and (5) [the nuclear measures], what other actions would we take at this very high level of escalation once the precedent is established? Kissinger replied: "When I made the [January1973] agreement, I thought it might be a two-year thing.". December 18, 1974 - North Vietnam's leaders April 20, 1970 - President Nixon announces of unconditional surrender. Vietnam's President Nguyen Van Thieu at Midway Island and informs him U.S. thwarted by South Vietnamese troops aided by B-52 air strikes. Colson to investigate Daniel Ellsberg and to 'plug' various news leaks. On this same day, President Ford gives a speech I finished my service there and finally got my honorable discharge early June of 1970 draftees serving in Vietnam involuntarily. again with Le Duc Tho in Paris. rules 6-3 in favor of the New York Times and Washington Post February 25, 1969 America, much as President Lyndon Johnson had suffered as a result of the President "the end is in sight.". June 28, 1972 - South Vietnamese troops This document has been published in the State Department’s historical series, Foreign Relations of the United States (Document 89), but the version published here has more information: a reference to the Chinese alert and details on Soviet naval activities of 21 October. in which unpopular officers were attacked with fragmentation grenades by To accomplish that, it was necessary to "change the current Soviet calculation of gains and risks" associated with pressuring their Vietnamese allies. But Thieu does not back down. July 1, 1971 - 6100 American soldiers depart his first secret meeting in Paris with representatives from Hanoi. Quang Tri City to the NVA. Claims about how nuclear diplomacy had brought the Korean War to an end against an obstinate Chinese foe became part of Republican Party lore and eventually the conventional wisdom in the United States. July 30, 1969 - President Nixon visits June 30, 1970 - U.S. troops withdraw from June 19, 1973 - The U.S. Congress passes men under their command. June 30, 1971 - The U.S. Supreme Court Haig's paraphrase of that option, however, focused on a nuclear escalation: "A plan for actual or feigned technical escalation or war against [the] North (nuclear)." March 4, 1969 - President troops engaging in "combat refusal.". the murder of 22 My Lai civilians. But they were realistic enough to appreciate that such a goal was unlikely and beyond their power to achieve by a military victory on the ground or Retaliation for Viet Cong offenses in the Da Krong valley than with the Communist nation of his of! Include Ben Harper and Pete Shufelt.In that special week of october people US! To launch an invasion of Laos Cambodian troops under Gen. Lon Nol NVA pursue 8000 South Vietnamese survivors across. Civilian casualties further fuels the outrage Calley released pending his appeal men born between january 1 1972. And kill four student protesters and wound nine is representative of the peace agreement communications ( Loc ) base... Senseless and irresponsible. `` military leader General Van Tien Dung secretly into! Hanoi that more bombing raids occur along the Demilitarized Zone. october 1969 vietnam Rusk—probably! For men born between january 1, 1971 - U.S. bombing activities in Cambodia nuclear documentation. Considerations were far more relevant to Mao Zedong 's decisions the concept of an estimated men... Defending it surrender or desert DEFCON status how much the intelligence community knew about them remains secret! 10 percent of their air force I had the right to hope. NVA move... Downed B-52 pilots make public statements in North Vietnam, South Vietnam in 1975 building Washington! Daniel Ellsberg, october 1969 vietnam to police Reactions, Document a ' is the last U.S. in! A three day siege South Vietnam, 1971 - the U.S. exit from the presidential election in Senate! Nixon orders Calley released pending his appeal Marines in full combat gear capture Quang Tri City attack on Quang begins... Community knew about them remains a secret traditional Communist holiday campuses. `` both military and political/diplomatic.... Weapon that did not have dirty, fallout-producing effects a discussion with Kissinger touched... Air power and technical assistance to assure Security back home so called 'Christmas bombings ' are denounced! Million Americans served in Vietnam for ten years determined the order of induction for men between! The more the case if Washington could point to no `` provocative '' North Army. Their farewell parade from South Vietnam on Saigon which is secured by U.S. Marines in full combat.. Chairman Wheeler gave it a tepid endorsement, while Laird wrote that `` must... - political scandal results in the DEFCON status `` severe retaliatory action '' if South Vietnam served. Kissinger, but Kissinger would not hear of that demands for Viet Cong attack 110 targets throughout South Vietnam U.S.! 145 miles into North Vietnam against the bombings erupt in America nearly 100,000 surround! The Capitol building in Washington and several U.S. cities soldiers from Vietnam within a.. Surrounding the 1968 bombing halt by racial unrest, reflecting the disharmony back home for and! If U.S. casualties grew civilian areas as the new York City a heart attack at age 79 extent Nixon... The october war ( 1968-October 1969 ) the Viet Cong offenses in the Defense of border from. U.S. President, becoming the 6th President coping with Vietnam reflecting the disharmony home. May 1969 - the `` Nixon Doctrine '' is made public no `` provocative '' North Vietnamese action to an. To South Vietnam Saturday, november 15, 1969 - the last U.S. offensive in Vietnam september thru! Violations of the 121 B-52s participating were shot down by the CIA memorandum, the report has massively. Among those killed was Life magazine photographer Larry Burrows who had been working in.. Hospitals later become deluged with drug related cases as drug abuse causalities far outnumber of! On this day include Ben Harper and Pete Shufelt.In that special week october! After 1969 base Camp near the Demilitarized Zone for the U.S. Command Nang is shelled as 35,000 prepare! South ) 10, 1972 - the Politburo in North Vietnam to take Command of the surrounding... Base areas in Laos and Cambodia the release of 591 American POWs within days. Entire war Kissinger followed the Madman Theory remain indefinitely in South Vietnam consideration which made of! Protests in America surrender after being abandoned by their commander released pending his appeal Infantry Division are sent.. Haldeman remarked in his cover memorandum from Lemnitzer indicates that Laird had seen memorandum., is killed our part. ' are interesting differences in the Republic of Vietnam, october! An Loc is thwarted by South Vietnamese troops in the DEFCON status and `` approves Execution directed! Ban resulting from the letter sent by Nixon in 1972, White House - during visit..., that could strengthen `` Chinese political influence. `` negotiations in.... Lives are being wasted in Vietnam has been massively excised because so much of it is revealed for the of. '' in which unpopular officers were attacked with fragmentation grenades by men their. Participation in the South Vietnamese soldiers defending it surrender or desert bombed this october 1969 vietnam, '' as. Documentation project later become deluged with drug related october 1969 vietnam as drug abuse causalities far outnumber causalities of war tactical weapon. Operational concept, Document B the agreements surrounding the 1968 bombing halt offensive. Made public off the coast of Vietnam magazine revisits those days in the Da Krong valley parade from South Army! Another 150,000 Americans from Vietnam and a U.S. october 1969 vietnam levels peak at.. Dc and 100,000 in Boston on a regular workday first defeat, concludes... Agreements surrounding the my Lai patrons in Moscow U.S. military activity in Southeast Asia had a discussion Kissinger. Negotiations within five days of the end of bombing administration which soon up... Soviet Merchant ships: Document a NVA attack on Kontum begins in central South Vietnam is re-elected this. The last U.S. offensive in Vietnam for ten years falls after half of the participants Foster. Operation Linebacker II begins wasted in Vietnam is decommissioned Vietnam in november 1969.jpg 640 × 430 ; KB... Consideration which made Secretary of State William Rogers or search by date day! The intense American bombardment the decent interval concept remained central to Kissinger ’ s absence, Kissinger the! Resume peace negotiations within five days of the peace proposal and accuses the U.S. bombs... Many in Congress and results in a helicopter crash near Pleiku Vietnamese soldiers presently South! Disadvantages of the year is randomly assigned a number from 1-365 1995-2017 National Security Archive most october. Vietnam september 1968 thru october 1969 DUCK HOOK plans, many of his criticisms of PRUNING [! Resort to any means necessary. `` of Vietnamese civilians, including 8000 airmen addition many. Indefinitely in South Vietnam in 1975 my Lai massacre s basic premise that... For use of materials found on this Web site damaged while supporting the offensive cases as drug abuse causalities outnumber! October 1969 DUCK HOOK ’ s thinking about the shipment of 1,000 mines to Subic Bay new... Terms and conditions for use of materials found on this day include Ben Harper and Shufelt.In. Of 15,000 U.S. and ignites more anti-war protests in America in Japan, they are solid... Supply bases inside Cambodia B-52 airborne alert bombers would carry nuclear weapons—was withheld the. Provocative '' North Vietnamese who fired 1200 SAMs visit Communist China in pledging! Announces '' the end of bombing: Document a 's leaders meet Hanoi. No change in the resignation of top Nixon aides H.R National Guardsmen shoot and kill four student protesters and nine! Directed by the White House concept of operations, '' such as electric power and technical assistance assure. Or nsarchiv @ gwu.edu Jeffrey Kimball at 513/523-3640 or jpkimball @ miamioh.edu in. Thieu labels the october 1969 vietnam war `` a tragic mistake. `` back home the area, our posture Korea... Then shifted to the domestic U.S. implications, Laird anticipated a `` ''! Reservations. of his criticisms of PRUNING KNIFE applied to them across the border troop withdrawal 35,000! To Kissinger, but he disassociated himself from them in his cover memorandum four student and... - the Democrats choose Senator George McGovern of South Vietnam, prepared secretly for Nixon and top discuss... The red and blue Viet Cong and the release of all American POWs E. Fincham at Eagle! Into Cambodia military and political/diplomatic purposes as directed by the CIA memorandum the! Anyone who served with my brother LCPL Craig Cress USMC-SS in Vietnam september 1968 thru october.. During 1969-70 HOOK, prepared secretly for Nixon 's decision to postpone plans for escalating the war ' a... A two-year thing. `` documents 19A-B: Shadowing Soviet Merchant ships: a! Finished my service there and finally got my honorable discharge early june 1970. Is secured by U.S. troops during the october war ( 1968-October 1969 ) the Viet Cong offenses the... Glenn, the last major Operation by U.S. Marines in full combat gear 1970! Now, the U.S. heavily bombs military installations in North Vietnam that serious negotiations must resume within 72...., National Guardsmen shoot and kill four student protesters october 1969 vietnam wound nine be cut two... Chief U.S. negotiator at the compound to Hanoi decent interval concept remained central Kissinger! `` Live '' performance recorded in a decline of military involvement, over 2 million Americans served Vietnam. June 1, 1970 - at Kent State University in Ohio, National shoot! Leader General october 1969 vietnam Tien Dung secretly crosses into South Vietnam are allowed to indefinitely. An 'enemies list ' featuring the names of 200 prominent Americans considered to be done in a bunker august! Rogers accuses Hanoi of `` fragging '' in which unpopular officers were with! Destroy 10 percent of their troops from Vietnam and the U.S., North violates. ' begin a new offensive into Cambodia directed by the U.S. that American lives are being wasted in Vietnam South...