Ptolemy I, his trusted friend and general, took his corpse there "to set the seal on the new capital,"(6) insisting that Alexander would have wanted it that way. Penguin Classics, 1987. Faces of Power: Alexander’s Image and Hellenistic Politics. Diaspora: Jews Among Greeks and Romans. Hellenistic Culture is the blending of Greek, Persian, Indian, and Egyptian elements. A native of Greece, she received her BA from Brandeis University and her MA and PhD from Harvard University. Her current project is on beauty and ugliness in ancient Greece. The Hellenistic period – specifically in Alexandria but also throughout the Mediterranean – witnessed many achievements and contributions in all fields of knowledge that have greatly added to man’s thought, culture and science. Alexandrian Greeks placed an emphasis on Hellenistic culture, in part to exclude and subjugate non-Greeks. The Macedonians had a lust for culture, a lust that found its roots in the Greek perception that Macedonians were barbaric and stupid. Hellenistic Art: From Alexander the Great to Augustus. Erich S. Gruen, Gladys Rehard Wood Professor of History and Classics, UC Berkeley (PhD Harvard) was a Rhodes Scholar at Oxford, twice a Guggenheim Fellow, Member of the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, and Visiting Fellow at Merton College, Oxford. The Alexandrian Scholars were the first to divide Homer's works into twenty-four books. Mention should also be made of Apollonius of Perga (a city in modern-day southern Turkey) whose late 3rd Century BCE work on geometry (and, in particular, on conics and conic sections) was very influential on later European mathematicians. Free New Haven: Yale U. He is the author of In the Shadow of Olympus. 595 Market Street, San Francisco Director of the Bibliotheca Alexandrina Alexandria, major city and urban governorate in Egypt. She is the author of The Alexander Mosaic: Stories of Victory and Defeat, and co-editor of and contributor to Constructions of Childhood in Ancient Greece and Italy. intermingled with Egyptian, Iranian, Babylonian, and Hebrew cultures. Did they count the fifteen books as one book or fifteen? Alexandria in Literature The conquests of Alexander greatly widened the horizons of the Greek world, making the endless conflicts between the cities which had marked the 5th and 4th centuries BC seem petty and unimportant. Princeton: Princeton U. Cleopatra as CEO: Bureaucracy and Scandal in the Hostile Takeover of a First Century Multinational Cambridge: Perseus, 2004. with notes by Rev. The Hellenistic period – specifically in Alexandria but also throughout the Mediterranean – witnessed many achievements and contributions in all fields of knowledge that have greatly added to man’s thought, culture and science. The impression that he also aspired to the life of the mind contributes to his fame. NY: Pantheon, 1975, 2001. 595 Market Street, San Francisco Eugene N. Borza is Professor Emeritus of Ancient History at The Pennsylvania State University, where he served on the faculty from 1964 until his retirement in 1995. Cavafi, C. P. C. P. Cavafi: Collected Poems. Dr. Janet Johnson (Oriental Institute, University of Chicago) The Greek-speaking Jews of Alexandria were familiar with the works of the ancient Greek poets and philosophers and acknowledged their universal appeal. Since it was no longer wise to write about political themes, poets wrote for their kings and their colleagues; poetry became an educated game for the intellectuals. (47) It was a college of elite scholars who received grants or pensions to study. His style was not elegant, and as a result, was not preserved in its entirety, but we still have six books more or less intact. Forster, E. M. Alexandria, A History and A Guide.   —. Eighty percent of our ancient literature would not exist without the Alexandrian Library, which is a staggering legacy to the Western World. He liked the climate and the coastal location, which also had a natural source of fresh water nearby. One is that he is among the greatest military commanders of all time. The Alexandria that has been uncovered as a result is the one I've already described. London: I. Carol G. Thomas. Among these was the establishment of their dynastic legitimacy among different domestic constituencies while simultaneously facing international challenges. $15 general public The Jews also had their own council under the Ptolemies. Romm, James (ed.). It has a pleasant Mediterranean climate with sandy beaches, making it a favourite tourist attraction. He is the author of historical works on libraries and the Orthodox Church and monasteries and is researching a book on the history of the Nicene Creed and on the history and lore of the camel. The city's two principal streets may have intersected at the Sema and were said to be over one hundred feet wide,(11) and "paved with gold. —. Ptolemy I was an intelligent man with good administrative skills. Thus they came to create their own version of Hellenistic culture. Free. "(36) Books were mostly purchased at huge book markets in places like Athens and Rhodes. Post-Program Salon Alexander the Great. The emphasis is on resources that are concise, easily accessible in a variety of formats, and aimed at a general (rather than scholarly) audience. They would not, however, give up their own religion, nor could they accept the prevailing Hellenistic culture with its polytheistic foundations and pagan practice. (28) Law enforcement was often carried out by the mob, and in such cases, not even the king could change a person's fate. This blending became known as Hellenisticculture. Tsirkas, Stratis. With the uncertainty of the time and the conflict that came with it, people began to look within themselves for peace of mind. Mahfouz, Naguib. Language spoken in Hellenistic cities (dialect of Greek) A lot of people from different backgrounds could speak it. (51) Some believed that this kind of wealth promoted the creation of forgeries. Pharos: A Lighthouse for Alexandria. —. Life of Man, introduction by Allen Mandelbaum, 1958. Jewish Culture in Alexandria: The Hebrew Bible in Greek Orinda Library, Orinda Reservations: 415-393-0100 or email the Mechanics’ Institute. in order to facilitate naval trade and communication with Greece. For the first time, there were museums and great libraries, such as those at Alexandria and Pergamon (1972.118.95). Hammond, N. G. L. The Macedonian State: Origins, Institutions, and History. In its one hundred and twenty books, he took inventory of all manuscripts in the library. Clarendon Press, 1966. A Short History. (Justine, Balthazar, Mountolive, Clea) Alexander the Great: A Life in Legend. Set amid the corrupt glamour and intrigues of 1930s Alexandria, Durrell’s novel gives a very vivid portrait of modern Alexandria. His other publications includeSkopas of Paros (1977); Attika: Studies in Athenian Sculpture of the Hellenistic Age (1979); Faces of Power: Alexander’s Image and Hellenistic Politics (1993); Art, Desire, and the Body in Ancient Greece (1997); Attalos, Athens, and the Akropolis: The Pergamene “Little Barbarians” and their Roman and Renaissance Legacy (2004); and Classical Greece and the Birth of Western Art (2008). Berkeley, Los Angeles: U. of California Press, 1992. London: Michael O’Mara Books, 1993. It was also a city in which Greek and Egyptian cultures must have mixed. The Library of Alexandria: Centre of Learning in the Ancient World. Alexandria’s attractions include the Pharos lighthouse, museum, art galleries, zoo, huge library, etc… Alexandria’s strategic location makes it a prosperous trading location & a populous city. The Hellenistic religions became the building blocks of Christianity.(21). The great Greek rhetorician, grammarian, and scholar, Athenaeus, also worked at the library. His most famous was written in four books and was entitled Argonautica, "making him the first poet to use romantic love as the central theme for an epic poem." The Hunt for a New Past. The center of Hellenistic Culture was Alexandria (Egypt) Click again to see term —. Seeing Double: Intercultural Poetics in Ptolemaic Alexandria. The Egyptology Online website provides a capsule history of the city, while the significance of the ancient Library and its modern re-incarnation are discussed on the travel-oriented site, Sacred Destinations. Ada Cohen is an Associate Professor of Art History at Dartmouth College, where she teaches courses primarily on ancient Greek, Egyptian, and Near Eastern Art, as well as theory and method. The Hunt for a New Past. NY: Overlook Press, 2004. It was the Largest city in the Mediterranean region by the 1st century B.C. Regina Press, 1995. Michael Grant calls "Theocritus his own unique person, who combined the greatest contradictions of the age: an urge to see things as they truly were and its counter-urge: to withdraw from this reality into the peace of mind that is invulnerable to its blows. 2, 1989. Just as its famous Pharos Lighthouse was a welcome sight for weary travelers, Alexandria acted as a beacon for merchants, curious tourists, religious prophets, and most importantly, the finest intellectual minds of the times. Stewart, Andrew. Erich Gruen (History, UC Berkeley). Hellenism is the term generally used by historians to refer to the period from the death of Alexander the Great (323 B.C.E.) Pharos and Pharillon, An Evocation of Alexandria. The Greek-speaking Jews of Alexandria were familiar with the works of the ancient Greek poets and philosophers and acknowledged their universal appeal. As a result of Alexander’s policies, a vibrant new culture emerged. The Ancient Library at Alexandria: Facts and Fictions Shipley, Graham. A thorough historical analysis of Alexandria’s role as the center of Hellenistic culture may be found in The Rise and Fall of Alexandria: Birthplace of the Modern World by Justin Pollard and Howard Reid (Paperback, 2006; 329pp; also available in Kindle and Audiobook formats). Al-Kharrat, Edwar. (29) Literary scholars escaped into this elitist world to find their own ataraxia(30) with people of similar imaginations and preoccupations. Alexander the Great. Callimachus' Pinakes or Catalogues were models of organization. (10) In the Hellenistic age, we get a sense of universalism in politics and a corresponding sense of individualism as the world expanded, and was linked by a common language (Greek koine). (1993); Hellenistic Constructs: Essays in Culture, History, and Historiography (co-ed.) Thursday, February 4, 2010 Allen Lane, 1973; Penguin, 1994, 2004. Ptolemy later had a mausoleum built in the city's center called the Sema, where Alexander's body was eventually placed in a golden sarcophagus. The Hellenistic Age. Ptolemy was asked to put a deposit of fifteen talents on the transaction, which he willingly did. Scott-Kilvert, Ian (transl). The Alexandria Center for Hellenistic Studies affiliated to Academic Research sector at Bibliotheca Alexandrina, in Cooperation with the Alexandria Center for maritime archaeology and underwater culture heritage affiliated to Faculty of Arts - Alexandria University and the Alexandria National Museum affiliated to the ministry of Tourism, and Antiquities. For more than two thousand years, it was the largest city in Egypt and was its capital for almost half of that time. Gruen, Erich. NY: Henry N. Abrams, 2002. Oxford U. Professor Andrew G. Jameson What was the scribal culture like that enabled the collection and maintenance of so many books? Egypt was the last important survivor of the political system which had developed as a consequence both of the victories of Alexander and of his premature death. Flaubert. Los Angeles: J. Paul Getty Trust Publications, 2005. Hellenistic Architecture The Pharos (Lighthouse) of Alexandria, Rosicrucian Egyptian Museum, San Jose The Lighthouse of Alexandria, destroyed by an earthquake in 1300 AD., was one of the Seven Wonders of the World and Hellenistic History and Culture. —. Cohen, Ada. (40) But the greatest stars of Hellenistic Alexandria were the poets, whose work became very scholarly. Wednesday January 13, 2010 Hellenistic Culture in Alexandria As a result of Alexander’s policies, a vibrant new culture emerged. New Haven: Yale U. McKenzie, Judith. Ed. The Hellenistic World (from the Greek word Hellas for Greece) is the known world after the conquests of Alexander the Great and corresponds roughly with the Hellenistic Period of ancient Greece, from 323 BCE (Alexander’s death) to the annexation of Greece by Rome in 146 BCE. Martha Klironomos, Professor of English and Modern Greek Studies, is the Director of the Center for Modern Greek Studies, the Nikos Kazantzakis Chair, at San Francisco State University where she has been teaching courses in Modern Greek language and literature as well as Comparative and English literature courses since 1996. Among his publications are numerous articles about the history and archaeology of ancient Macedonia, and the history and historiography of Alexander the Great. The books on its shelves were the medium by which scientists, philosophers, poets, historians, and musicians of antiquity enriched human experience with their research and creativity. Borza, Eugene N. Makedonika, Essays by Eugene N. Borza. Choose from 500 different sets of hellenistic culture flashcards on Quizlet. Galen also tells the amusing anecdote of Ptolemy asking unsuspecting Athenians if he could borrow the original standardized texts of their tragedies by Sophocles, Euripides, and Aeschylus, so he could have them copied. Fireside Chat with George Hammond Callimachus of Cyrene, besides being the author of the Pinakes and the chief librarian, also divided literature into the categories we use today and wrote poetry. Commonwealth Club of San Francisco Before Trade contributed to culture diversity in the Hellenistic city of Alexandria as it became the foremost center of commerce and Hellenistic civilization. For Greeks, the center of the earth was no longer Delphi; the center had shifted dramatically. Textual and visual sources suggest that Alexander the Great was not just a brutal conqueror but that he also possessed and exhibited a certain human complexity. Commonwealth Club of San Francisco 7:00 pm 5:30 pm – 6:30 pm Did they count the twenty-four books of the Odyssey as one book or twenty-four? As time went on, many wars were fought amongst Alexander's generals, who were known as the Diodochi. Euclid forms the basis of geometry $15 for non-members —. John Selby Watson. Greek (also known as Hellenic) culture blended with Egyptian, Persian, and Indian influ-ences. Its Great Library and Museum and its Lighthouse— Stevens, Susan. Her book on Art and Culture in the Era of Alexander the Great: Paradigms of Manhood and their Cultural Traditions is forthcoming from Cambridge University Press, and a co-edited volume,Assyrian Reliefs from the Palace of Ashurnasirpal II: A Cultural Biography, is forthcoming from the University Press of New England. She is also serving as Secretary of the Modern Greek Studies Association, the largest professional organization of faculty, graduate students and researchers in Modern Greek Studies in the U.S. and Canada. The Alexandria Quartet. Renault, Mary. FREE to Members of Mechanics’ Institute and Friends of Humanities West Samuel, Alan E. The Shifting Sands of History: Interpretations of Ptolemaic Egypt. for three centuries after Alexander still endures. Another example of fine architectural grandeur and indicative of affluence, both in wealth and culture, lies in the great Hellenistic city of Pergamon, in Asia Minor. The American Research Center in Egypt ARCE) Northern California Chapter has a page with summaries of lectures delivered at its membership meetings, as well as links to selected Egypt websites. $15 for non-members. Augustine. Shipley, Graham. Publications include editions of literary and documentary papyri belonging to the Oxyrhynchus (P.Oxy. Forster, E. M. Alexandria, A History and A Guide. Fraser, P.M. Cities of Alexander the Great. For more information: commonwealthclub.org Press, 2008. Professor Andrew G. Jameson P.O. Renault, Mary. Hellenistic age - Hellenistic age - Hellenistic civilization: The greatest of Alexander’s foundations became the greatest city of the Hellenistic world, Alexandria-by-Egypt. Ptolemy never did return the originals, but gave the Athenians back copies. Judaism and Hellenism in Antiquity. (1997); Heritage and Hellenism: The Reinvention of Jewish Tradition (1998); Diaspora: Jews amidst Greeks and Romans (2002); Cultural Borrowings and Ethnic Appropriations in Antiquity (ed.) Publications of the Association of Ancient Historians, No. Ada Cohen is an Associate Professor of Art History at Dartmouth College, where she teaches courses primarily on ancient Greek, Egyptian, and Near Eastern Art, as well as theory and method. Goddio, A.B., E. Bernard, and I. Darwish. Tuesday, February 2, 2010 He also wrote a book called Characters at the Museum, which seems to be the first work of psychology. (13) Temples, theatres, palaces, administrative buildings, a coin mint, the King's residence, a zoo, and its famous Museum and Library were designed and built by the Ptolemies. The law in Alexandria was based on Greek—especially Attic —law. Since then, Islam has been the official religion of the country. Much of the city was built out of exquisite stone. in his 33rd year, in 323 BCE. During its three earliest centuries, it was perhaps the leading cultural center of the world, home to people of different religions and different philosophies. McKenzie, Judith. For more than two thousand years, it was the largest city in Egypt and was its capital for almost half of that time. Burn, Lucilla. Berkeley, Los Angeles: U. of California Press, 1990. Hassan, Fekri (ed.). 5.11.2: Hellenistic Culture That moment, for historians, also marks the end of the polis as the main unit of organization in the Greek world. It blended Greek with Egyptian, Persian, and Indian influences. The Hellenistic Age. The National Center for Documentation of Cultural and National Heritage (CULTNAT), 2003. Ptolemy I Soter carried on Alexander's dream of building a well-designed city at Alexandria, incorporating a modern rectangular grid system. In Hellenistic Alexandria, she became identified with Arsinoe II, wife of Ptolemy II, and with later Ptolemic queens. Alexander conquered the vast Persian Empire and founded Alexandria before dying Trade contributed to culture diversity in the Hellenistic city of Alexandria as it became the foremost center of commerce and Hellenistic civilization. Justin. Press, 1997. The Architecture of Alexandria and Egypt, 300 BC-AD 700. Ungaretti, Giuseppe. K12IMC : Instructional Media Center:, a Virtual Library for K12. He is Director Emeritus of Books for Asia of The Asia Foundation and President Emeritus of the Academy of Art San Francisco. Alexander: The Conqueror. Tuesday, February 2, 2010 The new Comedy of Menander was born, and was based on the lives of fictional neighbourhood characters. The huge and spectacular Nile Mosaic from Praeneste (ancient Palestrina) in Italy, discovered in 1600, transferred to Rome in 1626, returned in 1640, and now heavily restored, remains our best guide not to Ptolemaic Egypt as such, but to Ptolemaic attitudes to Egypt. Portsmouth, NH: Back Channel Press, 2009. Download Citation | On Jan 1, 2003, PF Mittag published Unrest in Hellenistic Alexandria | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate $15 for non-members. He served for many years as consultant to the American Publishing Industry for charitable book projects in Africa and Asia, and he was advisor to the National Libraries of Nigeria and China. The kings offered little patronage to philosophers. Labeled in Greek, it faithfully pictures many key elements of Ptolemaic material culture from drinking vessels to temples, and must echo a Ptolemaic painting of the third or second centuries BCE. 1325-1354, transl.by H. A. R. Gibb, 1983. His other publications includeSkopas of Paros (1977); Attika: Studies in Athenian Sculpture of the Hellenistic Age (1979); Faces of Power: Alexander’s Image and Hellenistic Politics (1993); Art, Desire, and the Body in Ancient Greece (1997); Attalos, Athens, and the Akropolis: The Pergamene “Little Barbarians” and their Roman and Renaissance Legacy (2004); and Classical Greece and the Birth of Western Art (2008).   There has been a large community of Greeks in Egypt, also known as Egyptiotes (Greek: Αιγυπτιώτες), from the Hellenistic period until the aftermath of the Egyptian revolution of 1952, when most were forced to leave. Hellenistic Greece. Cavafy’s Alexandria. As Alexander’s Empire dissolved and the Ptolemies established their control over Egypt and a few outlying areas, they were faced with many daunting challenges. Socrates: Was He a Man of Contradictions? Author of 74 monographs and 235 scientific articles on the Mediterranean civilizations and their history, on Europe, on the cultural heritage, on the Palace of Quirinale. Alexander asked his engineers to plan a city in his name at the site. Borza, Eugene N. Makedonika, Essays by Eugene N. Borza. by Patrick Creagy, 1971. Life of Man, introduction by Allen Mandelbaum, 1958. 2:00 pm – 6 pm Durell, Lawrence. Readings and translations by Martha Klironomos (English and Modern Greek Studies, San Francisco State University). Learn chapter 5 hellenistic culture with free interactive flashcards. A Publications include editions of literary and documentary papyri belonging to the Oxyrhynchus (P.Oxy. (8) The polis "was [now] simply a hometown, it was no longer the supreme norm of thought and culture. Ada Cohen (Art History, Dartmouth College). Nowhere did (42) Theocritus of Syracuse wrote poems, epigrams, mimes, and his famous idylls. Transl.by Pamela Mensch and James Romm. Hellenistic Greece. Orinda Library, Orinda Hellenistic monarchs such as the Ptolemies supported trade by projects like the famous Lighthouse of Alexandria. Alexander the Great had a dream as he slept one night,(3) a vision in which he learned the location for his new megalopolis,(4) a capital for his empire. Other  publications include: Roman Politics and the Criminal Courts, l49-78 BC(l968), The Last Generation of the Roman Republic (l974, 1995), Studies in Greek Culture and Roman Policy (l990, 1996), Culture and National Identity in Republican Rome (1992, 1994); Images and Ideologies: Self-Definition in the Hellenistic World (co-ed.) (53) A curious capital that became not only the largest Greek city of the time, but more than anything else, a very important centre for culture and learning. He is currently historian of the Bohemian Club of San Francisco and was recently elected to the Explorers Club of New York for his dissemination of geographical knowledge and for having climbed Mounts Kilimanjaro and Cameroon and trekked across the Sahara with the Tuareg. In her most Hellenistic form, she is shown as placid with Greek features and no Egyptian head-dress. Pharos: A Lighthouse for Alexandria. McLeod, Roy (ed). Press, 1986. The famous Alexandrian library is a case in point. Director of Fellowships, Santa Clara University). The literature that was saved constituted the best written, not always the most factual. Press, 2008. This list is for those who would like to do a little background research for the upcoming program about Alexander and Alexandria, but don’t have much time. Euclid wrote a thirteen book mathematical textbook called The Elements and developed geometry into a science. Alexander’s life has also been the subject of many TV and video documentaries, of variable quality. The History Channel’s The True Story of Alexander the Great (2004; 2hrs 30min; available on Netflix) gives a reasonably balanced account drawing on both ancient and modern sources with high-quality production values. Her current project is on beauty and ugliness in ancient Greece. A two thousand line epic called Alexandra, which also had their own personal reasons am until 12 noon 1:30... Member-Led Forum on the Humanities Great Altar built in the city was out! And Eratosthenes working there model for the first book of his Empire cosmopolitan developed side-by-side with Macedonian! Martha Klironomos ( English and modern Greek Studies, San Francisco was large and had such! City in his 33rd year, in 323 BCE allusions to mythological characters and events money for books! Alexandria preserved the works of Great intellectual work, it seems that no schools philosophy! 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